8 things to consider when Migrating to the USA as a foreigner

If you’re considering moving to the United States, this guide will provide you with valuable information and insights to navigate the complexities of the immigration process. From understanding visa options to exploring the green card application process and pathways to citizenship, this guide will equip you with the knowledge you need to make informed decisions and embark on your journey to a new life in the USA. Whether you’re seeking opportunities for work, study, or simply a fresh start, let this guide be your trusted companion as you explore the exciting possibilities of migrating to the United States.

Immigrant vs. Nonimmigrant 

Firstly, what is the difference between an immigrant and a non-immigrant visa? 

A green card, also known as an “immigrant visa” or “lawful permanent residence,” grants individuals the ability to immigrate to the United States and settle there permanently. With a green card, individuals enjoy unrestricted employment opportunities, can live in the U.S. indefinitely, and have a pathway to U.S. citizenship.

However, obtaining a green card is not available to everyone, and the application process can be complex, costly, and time-consuming. Green cards are typically issued based on various categories, such as family-sponsored immigration, employment-based immigration, refugee or asylum status, diversity lottery, and certain special immigrant categories. Each category has specific eligibility requirements, and the number of green cards available in each category is limited.

In contrast, many people choose to use nonimmigrant visas as a temporary means to visit, work, or study in the United States. Nonimmigrant visas allow individuals to enter the U.S. for a specific purpose and duration, such as tourism, business, employment, education, or specialized training. These visas are typically renewable and can be valid for multiple visits, allowing individuals to reside in the United States for a number several 

Nonimmigrant visas have different categories, such as B visas for tourists or business visitors, F visas for students, H visas for temporary workers, and J visas for exchange visitors, among others. Each visa category has its requirements and restrictions, and individuals must comply with the terms and conditions of their specific visa.

While nonimmigrant visas provide temporary stay options in the United States, they do not provide a direct pathway to permanent residence or citizenship. To obtain a green card, individuals usually need to qualify under one of the immigrant visa categories mentioned earlier and go through a separate application process. To begin the process, go through the steps below.

Understand the USA Immigration System

Before embarking on your journey, it is necessary to know about the US immigration system. The country offers various visa categories, each with its requirements and limitations. Broadly, there are immigrant visas (permanent residence) and non-immigrant visas (temporary stay). Some common non-immigrant visa categories include B-1/B-2 visitor visas, F-1 student visas, H-1B work visas, and O-1 extraordinary ability visas. Immigrant visas, such as family-sponsored or employment-based visas, offer pathways to permanent residency and citizenship. You can consider some of the options below. 

Employment-Based Immigration 

If you possess specialized skills or have a job offer from a US employer, you may qualify for an employment-based visa such as the H-1B or O-1 visa. 

The first four employment visas, known as EB-1, EB-2, EB-3, and EB-4, focus on the qualities you bring to the table as an employee. In some situations, you’ll need a U.S. employer to support your application; in others, you’ll need to present evidence of outstanding talent or relevant experience.

The EB-5 green card is a little different; it is given to investors who invest between $500,000 and $1 million to create jobs in American areas. Consult with a lawyer and a financial advisor if this is a path you want to take because the requirements depend on your home country.

A work permit also the Employment Authorization Document is a separate document providing marriage-based green card applicants the right to work. This is different from an Employment-based visa. 

Family-Sponsored Immigration 

If you have close relatives who are US citizens or lawful permanent residents, they may be able to sponsor you for a family-based visa. There are four main preference categories:

• First Preference (F1)—Unmarried children, who are 21 or older, whose parents are U.S. citizens;
• Second Preference (F2A & F2B)—Green Card holders’ spouses and unmarried children;
• Third Preference (F3)—Married children of U.S. citizens; and
• Fourth Preference (F4)—age 21 and older, of U.S. citizens.

 Diversity Visa Program 

The U.S. Department of State conducts an annual diversity lottery, commonly known as the “Green Card lottery,” for immigrant visas. This lottery provides an opportunity for individuals from countries that have sent fewer than 50,000 immigrants to the United States in the past five years to obtain U.S. visas. Out of approximately 12 million applicants, 50,000 individuals are selected each year through this lottery system.

To be eligible for the diversity lottery, foreign nationals must meet certain requirements. They must have completed high school education or its equivalent, such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate, or have at least two years of work experience in a job that required training. Additionally, winners of the diversity lottery can also extend their eligibility to their immediate family members.

If you are interested in participating in the diversity visa lottery, you can find detailed information on how to sign up on the official U.S. Department of State website. Inquiring into this opportunity can be a potential pathway for individuals from eligible countries to pursue their dreams of living and working in the United States.

Humanitarian Visa 

In addition to the various pathways to permanent residency mentioned earlier, individuals can also become U.S. permanent residents and eventually citizens based on humanitarian reasons. Those who flee their home countries due to a well-founded fear of persecution can seek asylum or refugee status in the United States.

When individuals apply for asylum, they are requesting protection from the U.S. government because they fear persecution in their home country based on factors such as race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. While awaiting a decision on their asylum application, asylum seekers are allowed to apply for a work permit, known as an Employment Authorization Document (EAD), which enables them to legally work and support themselves in the United States.

For those granted refugee or asylum status, there is a process called adjustment of status that allows them to apply to become U.S. lawful permanent residents, commonly known as Green Card holders. This procedure involves applying to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to adjust their status from refugee or asylee to permanent resident. Once individuals obtain permanent resident status, they have the option to apply for Green Cards for their immediate family members who may have also fled to the United States with them.

Furthermore, individuals who hold refugee or asylum status and become permanent residents through the adjustment of the status process have the opportunity to pursue U.S. citizenship. They can follow the same naturalization process as any other Green Card holder, which typically involves meeting certain residency requirements, demonstrating English language proficiency, passing a civics test, and meeting other eligibility criteria.

Check if you are Eligible

Once you have a good understanding of the different visa categories available, it is better to evaluate your eligibility based on your specific purpose of migration. Various factors such as your qualifications, skills, family ties, and financial resources will play a role in determining the most suitable visa option for you.

Assessing your qualifications and skills is important in determining whether you meet the requirements for employment-based visas or specialized categories that require specific expertise. Family ties can also be a determining factor in your visa choice. If you have close relatives who are U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents, you may be eligible for family-sponsored visas.

Financial resources are often a consideration in the immigration process. Some visa categories may require a certain level of investment or financial stability.

Hire an Immigration agency

Going through a complex immigration system requires expertise. Hiring an experienced immigration agency can significantly enhance your chances of success. They will guide you through the process, assist with document preparation, and provide valuable insights to optimize your application.

Prepare your Documents 

Preparing your documents is a necessary step in the migration process. Common documents include a valid passport, educational transcripts, employment records, financial statements, and proof of ties to your home country. Each visa category has specific document requirements, so ensure you compile a comprehensive file to support your application.

Submit Your Application 

Once you have gathered all the required documents, it’s time to submit your application. Follow the instructions provided by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) carefully. Pay attention to submission deadlines, fees, and any additional forms or supporting materials needed. It’s recommended to keep copies of all submitted documents for your records.

Attend Interviews and Medical Examinations 

Certain visa categories require an interview and a medical examination. Prepare thoroughly for the interview by studying potential questions and familiarizing yourself with the visa requirements. The medical examination ensures you meet the health standards set by the US government. Schedule these appointments promptly to avoid delays in the process.

Wait for feedback and respond promptly

After submitting your application and completing the necessary interviews, patiently await a decision. The processing times vary based on the visa category and workload of the USCIS. Once a decision is made, respond promptly to any requests for additional information or clarifications to ensure a smooth process.

Prepare for Arrival and Settlement 

Once you’ve successfully arrived in the USA, it’s better to adapt and build a new life quickly. Here are some tips to help you settle in:

• Social Security Number (SSN): Apply for an SSN to establish your identity and access various services, including employment and banking.

• Explore Housing Options: Research the local real estate market and find a suitable place to live. Consider factors like affordability, proximity to amenities, and transportation options 

• Learn about Healthcare: Familiarize yourself with the US healthcare system and consider obtaining health insurance coverage to protect yourself and your family.

Green Card Applications 

For the majority of green card applications, you would need: 

• a background check, during which you might be required to provide police reports from previous residences and respond to inquiries regarding previous crimes.

• a physical examination, during which questions on your mental health, drug and alcohol usage, and history of communicable diseases. 

Immigration cost 

For an applicant residing in the United States of America, the total cost of a family-based green card application is around $1760; for an applicant residing outside of the United States, it is roughly $1400. This covers the usual cost of the required medical examination as well as the required, nonrefundable U.S. government costs.

Depending on the category you fall under, applying for an employment-based green card will cost you a different amount overall. Your business may incur additional filing fees and labor certification costs on top of the $1225 you should budget for your green card application, bringing the final price up to roughly $10,000. Your filing fees are nonrefundable in either situation, so it’s necessary to submit an accurate application the first time.

With the right knowledge and preparation, migration to the United States of America would be easier. By understanding the US immigration system, checking if you are eligible, hiring an immigration agency, gathering the required documents, and submitting a strong application, you can increase your chances of a successful outcome. Remember to be patient throughout the process, attend interviews and medical examinations diligently, and respond promptly to any requests. With careful planning and preparation, you’ll soon find yourself ready to embrace your new life in the land of dreams. The United States awaits your arrival with open arms, ready to witness your journey unfold and contribute to the diverse tapestry of this great nation. Good luck!